Do the Right Thing is a masterpiece of empathy and confrontation. It’s a loud, stylish, and deeply tragic look at the American "melting pot" when it reaches its boiling point. It doesn't provide solutions; it provides a mirror.
Lee famously concludes with two conflicting quotes: one from advocating for non-violence, and one from Malcolm X arguing that violence in self-defense is "intelligence." By refusing to choose one, Lee leaves the moral weight on the audience's shoulders.
The title itself is a provocation. When Mookie throws the trash can through the window, is he "doing the right thing" to redirect the crowd's rage away from people and toward property? Or is it a betrayal of his employer?